Structured Review of Electromagnetic Emission Measurement Methodologies for EMC Verification of UAV Avionics Systems

Abstract

Electromagnetic emissions in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) avionics are increasingly critical because power, flight control, navigation, communication, and payload subsystems are integrated within compact compartments and dense wiring harnesses, increasing internal electromagnetic interference risk. This study aims to synthesize measurement methodologies for UAV electromagnetic emissions and compare their facilities, observed parameters, and applicable standards. A qualitative structured literature review was conducted on 10 core studies selected from IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, MDPI, and Scopus using relevance, recency, technical comparability, and standards-based criteria. The review identifies four recurring methodological clusters: chamber based radiated emission testing, conducted-path and cable-coupling analysis, receiver and sensor performance-based assessment, and simulation with near field pre-compliance evaluation. The findings show that cable routing, grounding-bonding quality, shielding-filtering practice, test distance, and polarization strongly influence emission levels, operational degradation, and pass/fail outcomes. The review concludes that the most robust strategy is a staged workflow from simulation and pre-compliance screening to controlled verification and installation-level mitigation validation, enabling a more efficient EMC path with lower redesign and certification risk.